What is Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss?
Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a condition in which a person experiences rapid and unexplained hearing loss, typically in one ear, without any clear cause. This hearing loss occurs suddenly, often overnight or within a few days, and can range from mild to profound. ISSNHL is considered idiopathic when the cause remains unknown, though it may be linked to viral infections, circulatory issues, trauma, or autoimmune conditions. The onset is often dramatic, leaving individuals feeling anxious and uncertain about the potential for recovery.
The ENT literature indicates that between one-third and two-thirds of patients experience spontaneous recovery, but many regain only about 50% of their previous hearing.
Sudden hearing loss can significantly impact quality of life, affecting communication, social interactions, and overall well-being. While some individuals experience partial or complete recovery within a few weeks, others may have persistent hearing deficits, which can become permanent if left untreated. Prompt and aggressive treatment is crucial to preserving as much hearing as possible.